洁治及抛光对釉质表面粗糙度影响的实验研究

An in vitro study on the effect of scaling and polishing on the roughness of enamel surface

目的:评价不同洁治及抛光方法对牙釉质表面粗糙度及形态的影响。方法:选择6颗人离体中切牙,切除牙根。在唇面中心点将牙冠分别水平及垂直切割成4个釉质块,制得唇面釉质块共24个,再用自凝塑料包埋每个釉质块,打磨抛光暴露的釉面。将24个试样均分为8组,分别作如下处理,A组:无处理(空白对照);B组:超声洁治;C组:超声洁治后抛光膏抛光;D组:超声洁治后牙膏抛光;E组:超声洁治后喷砂抛光;F组:喷砂洁治;G组:喷砂洁治后抛光膏抛光;H组:喷砂洁治后牙膏抛光。之后用粗糙度仪测定釉面粗糙度,并进行扫描电镜观察。结果:超声洁治后釉面粗糙度大幅度增加(P<0.01),经3种方法抛光后,釉质表面粗糙度均有显著下降(P<0.05),其中牙膏抛光后粗糙度下降幅度显著大于喷砂抛光和抛光膏抛光(P<0.05)。喷砂洁治后釉面粗糙度明显增加(P<0.05),进一步用抛光膏抛光使得釉面更加粗糙(P<0.05),而用牙膏抛光,虽未进一步增加粗糙度,但也未能降低釉面粗糙度(P>0.05)。结论:超声洁治能使釉质表面形成凹陷性缺损,粗糙度增加,应当抛光。喷砂洁治后不必再抛光。抛光材料及方法明显影响抛光效果。

Objective：To evaluate the effect of different scaling and polishing methods on the roughness of human enamel surface.Methods：24 enamel blocks were prepared by cutting crowns of six extracted central incisors horizontally and longitudinally through the center of labial surfaces.Each block was embedded in self-curing resin with the labial surface being exposed,followed by polishing the exposed enamel surfaces.All specimens were randomly divided into 8 groups：Group A：no treatment（as control）.Group B：ultrasonic scaling.Group C：polishing with prophylaxis paste after ultrasonic scaling.Group D：polishing with toothpaste after ultrasonic scaling.Group E：sandblast polishing after ultrasonic scaling.Group F：sandblasting.Group G：polishing with prophylaxis paste after sandblasting.Group H：polishing with toothpaste after sandblasting.Finally,the surface roughness of each treated enamel surface was tested using a profilometer,followed by observing under SEM.Results：Ultrasonic scaling led to remarkably increase in roughness,but the succedent polishing decreased the roughness significantly,and the polishing efficacy of toothpaste was better than Nupro and sandblasting.Sandblasting also produced a rough surface,and the succedent polishing with Nupro made the surface rougher.Conclusion：Ultrasonic scaling creates pits on enamel surface and increases its roughness,which should be followed by polishing.Polishing materials and methods affect the final roughness significantly.No polishing is needed after sandblasting.