玉米新选自交系穗粒重和百粒重的遗传分析

Genetic analysis on kernel weight per ear and 100-grain weight of inbred lines newly bred in maize(Zea mays L.)

利用江苏省沿江地区农业科学研究所新育成的玉米3个自交系S1、S3和S7组配的2个组合S1×S3和S3×S7的P1、P2、F1、B1、B2、F26个世代,运用主基因+多基因遗传模型和6个世代联合分析的方法,进行了玉米穗粒重和百粒重性状的遗传分析。结果表明:玉米穗粒重性状在2个组合中均表现为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传,以主基因遗传为主。百粒重性状在S1×S3组合中表现为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因混合遗传,在S3×S7组合中表现为1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传,均以主基因遗传为主。自交系S3在穗粒重性状上含有比S7或S1效应大的主基因,可用于改良江苏省主推品种苏玉19的穗粒重。

Genetic analysis for kernel weight per ear and 100-grain weight were conducted by using mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance models and joint analytic method of P1,P2,F1,B1,B2 and F2 generations in two crosses（S1×S3 and S3×S7） made from 3 inbred lines（S1,S3 and S7）in maize（Zea mays L.） newly bred by Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Yangtse Riverline Area of Jiangsu.Results indicated that kernel weight per ear was controlled by two pairs of major gene with additive-dominance-epistatic effects plus polygenes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects,and the trait was mainly governed by major genes in both crosses.100-grain weight was controlled by two pairs of major gene with additive-dominance-epistatic effects plus polygenes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects in S1×S3,and by one pair of major gene with additive-dominance effects plus polygenes with additive-dominance effects in S3×S7,and was mainly governed by major genes in both crosses.For kernel weight per ear,effect of major genes in S3 was larger than that in S7 or S1.And thus S3 could be used to improve kernel weight per ear of the main popularize varieties Suyu 19 in Jiangsu Province.