如何提高露天煤矿在市场中的应变能力

Ways to strengthen open cast coal mines' difficulty handling capacities in market

当前，国有煤矿都面临市场问题，许多国有煤矿陷入困境，造成这种局面的外部根源是计划经济体制下签订的供煤协议的失效和大量寄生于国有煤矿的小煤窑的不公平竞争；而内部根源则是国有煤矿缺乏对市场的应变能力。露天煤矿较之矿井有调节空间大和生产弹性大等优势，如能充分利用这些优势，并在规模确定、设备能力、洪峰削减、土地征用和人员配置等方面引入一些新的观念，就能显著提高露天煤矿对市场的应变能力。

Abstract At the present time, almost all stateowned coal mines are faced with market related problems. Many stateowned coal mines are even badly stricken by difficulties. The external reason for this situation is that the coal supply contracts signed under the former planned economy system have become invalid and the unfair competition from the small mines that are parasitic in nature around them. On the other hand, the internal reason for this situation is that stateowned coal mines lack the ability to adjust to changiing environment. Compared with underground coal mines, open cast coal mines have the advantages of enjoying larger space and more flexible production. If all these advantages can be fully used, and with the combination of some new concepts introduced into size determination, capacity determination, flood crest reduction, requisition of land and personnel disposition etc., open cast coal mines' ability to adjust to the changing environment can be greatly improved and their economic profits can also be greatly improved.