从均贫富到社会公正

From Even Distribution of Wealth to Social Justice

现代市场经济虽然为社会流动提供了前所未有的机遇,从而极大地促进了社会财富的流动。但是,这并未能改变由市场竞争机制所导致的社会财富分配和占有的两极分化趋势。与现代经济和社会财富分配的一般特征相联系的社会公正,同传统的均贫富理念既有严格的区分,但也存在某种程度的关联。公平是公正的理想形态,公平是最高、最彻底的公正;公正是公平的现实形态,公正是有条件、有限度的公平。在人身权利和基本物品的平等分配得到保障的前提下,效率原则是支配社会分配的主要原则。国家必须坚持社会和谐和人的全面发展的理念,必须在社会财富分配中充分顾及社会弱势群体的利益。社会公正的制度建构问题,正是邓小平理论和中国特色社会主义理论之题中应有之义,也是当代中国社会现代化进程中正在努力解决的历史性课题。

Although the modern market economy provides unprecedented opportunities for social mobility and consequently greatly facilitates the flow of social wealth, this does not change the trend of polarization of distribution and possession of social wealth caused by the mechanism of market competition. There are both a strict distinction and some degree of correlation between social justice linked to the general features of modern economy and social wealth distribution and the traditional concept of even distribu- tion of wealth. Fairness is the ideal form of justice and also the highest level of and the most complete justice, while justice is the realistic form of fairness, which is conditional and limited. Under the premise that personal rights and equal distribution of basic goods are protected, the principle of e^ciency is the main principle dominating social distribution. Our country must adhere to the concept of social harmony and individuals＇all-rounded development, taking full account of the interests of social disadvantaged /vulnerable groups in social wealth distribution. The issue of the establishment of social justice system is exactly the inherent meaning of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics as well as the historical issue to be re- solved with utmost efforts in the modernization of Chinese contemporary society.