清末上海房客运动与罢市风潮

Shanghai Tenants Movement and Shopkeepers' Strikes in the Late Qing Dynasty

1910年末至1911年初的请减房租事务所及其影响下的减租活动,是上海开埠以后第一次有相当影响的房客运动,其参加人员,以小户商民为主体。此次运动无任何政治要求,降低房租是其唯一目的,罢市风潮实属意外。这次运动在学术研究意义上,可视为一种变种的商人运动,但从运动目的及组织来考量,称其为房客运动更为妥当;它与"上海居,大不易"的社会现实密切相关。

In the late Qing dynasty, the Rent Reduction Petition Business Office and the Rent Reduction Movement under its influence from the end of 1910 to the beginning of 1911 were the first influential tenants＇ movement in Shanghai. Most of the participants in the movement were small businessmen. There was no political request in this movement, for reducing house rent was the only goal, while the shopkeepers＇ strike was actually an unexpected accident. From the sense of academic research, the move- ment may be regarded as a variation of businessmen movement, but considering its purpose and organization, it may well be called ＂tenants movement＂, which is closely related to the social reality of ＂It＇s so hard to settle down in Shanghai＂.