论水工程设施收集的水资源的所有权归属

Ownership of the Water Resources Collected by Water Engineering Facilities

雨水收集设施等水工程日益得到应用,需要解决雨水收集设施等水工程设施收集的水资源的所有权。因大气降水是一种自由资源,不属于《宪法》中的"水流"或《水法》中的"水资源"的范畴,雨水收集设施等水工程设施收集的水资源所有权不能适用《宪法》、《水法》的规定,而是取决于雨水收集设施等水工程设施的所有权。雨水收集设施等水工程设施不是土地的组成部分,所有权包括国家所有、集体所有、其他组织和个人所有等形式,因此,雨水收集设施等水工程设施收集的水资源所有权自然包括国家所有、集体所有、其他组织和个人所有。但水工程设施不是公益性、大中型的水利设施,允许其他投资主体投资,其所有权应以集体。

The increasing application of water engineering facilities such as the rainwater col- lecting one determines that the ownership of the water resources collected by water engineering must be resolved. The fact that precipitation, a kind of free resources, which does not belong neither to the water flow in Constitution nor the water resources in Water Law leads to such a result that both regulations of the ownership of water flow in Constitution and reg- ulations of the water resources in Water Law are not applicable to the water resources col- lected by water engineering. Resulting, the ownership of the water resources collected by water engineering depends on the ownership of water engineering which concludes the na- tional, collective or private. So, the ownership of the water resources collected by water en- gineering may be national, collective or private. But the fact that the water engineering is not often a public welfare or medium--sized water facility determines＇that the main ownerships of water engineering are collective or private.