社会支持与不同阶段产后抑郁的相关分析

Correlation between social support and postnatal depression

目的：探讨产妇产后抑郁与各社会支持因子间的关系,以便更好地从社会支持的角度进行产后抑郁的早期干预和治疗。方法：对2007年1月~12月在我院住院分娩的120例产妇分别在产后1周内、产后3个月、产后1年进行3次随访,并分别进行一般情况调查,Edinburgh产后抑郁量表（EPDS）评分,部分结合精神科疾病诊断,社会支持评定等评估。结果：120例产妇中115例完成3次评估。115例中产后1周内抑郁发生率为36.5%（42/115）,产后3个月抑郁发生率为15.7%（18/115）,产后1年抑郁发生率为8.7%（10/115）。在产后1周内,产后抑郁组所接受的客观支持和主观支持与产后非抑郁组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但产后抑郁组的支持利用度评分与产后非抑郁组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;在产后3个月,产后抑郁组主观支持、支持利用度、社会支持总分与产后非抑郁组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;产后1年,产后抑郁组各社会支持因子与产后非抑郁组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：产妇产后抑郁更多地与产妇社会支持利用度有关。

Objective： To explore the relationship between postnatal depression and social support for earlier prevention and treatment.Methods： A total of 120 parturients who were admitted to our hospital from January,2007 to December,2007 were investigated in this study.Basic mental status,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale（EPDS） scores,psychiatric diagnosis,and social support evaluation were evaluated at 1 week,3 weeks and 1 year after delivery.Results： Out of the 120 parturients,115 completed the three evaluations.And it revealed that the incidence of postnatal depression at the three time points were 36.5%,15.7% and 8.7% separately.During the first week after delivery,there was no significant difference of received objective support and subjective support between parturients with postnatal depression and those without（P〈0.05）,while the support utilization was different between the two groups（P〈0.01）.Three months later,objective support received by parturients with postnatal depression was still not significantly different from those without,while there were significant differences of subjective support and support utilization between the two groups（P〈0.01）.One year after delivery,all involved social support factors were significant different between the two groups（P〈0.01）.Conclusions： Postnatal depression is greatly related to the utilization of received social support.