摘要
【目的】通过在环塔里木盆地干旱区,对不同枣农间作类型:枣麦间作(3 m×4 m,2 m×6 m)、枣棉间作(3 m×4 m,2 m×6 m)系统小气候方面的研究,以期完善枣农间作理论,为新疆枣农间作模式的优化及间作物的选择种植提供理论依据。【方法】使用Vantage Pro2自动气象站和KS4000手持气象站观测光照强度、空气温湿度、风速和风向等气象因子,同时使用WQG-15地面温度计观测地温。【结果】不同类型枣农间作系统的光照强度、温度、相对湿度和风速发生了不同程度的变化,同一类型中行间各点小气候水平分布也有区别,其中光照强度变化较大;不同间作类型相比,受光量排列顺序为枣麦间作3×4(m)<2×6(m)<CK-1(小麦地),枣棉间作3×4(m)<2×6(m)<CK-2(棉花田);同一间作类型内各点受光量排列顺序为行东、行西<行中<对照;4种间作类型下枣树的平均遮阴度分别为10.7%、6.7%、12.8%和9.5%;其它小气候因子在不同间作类型间各点间变化也较大。【结论】枣麦间作较枣棉间作共生期短,树冠遮阴时间就短,受光情况较好一些,但总体影响不大。其他小气候因子变化趋势基本一致。
【Objective】The microclimatic factors in different jujube-wheat intercropping densities(3 m×4 m,2 m×6 m) and jujube-cotton intercropping densities(3 m×4 m,2 m×6 m) were studied in the arid area of the Tarim basin,in order to improve theory of Jujube-crops intercropping,optimize intercropping model,and provide theoretic basis for crop selection.【Method】Auto-meteorology Vantage Pro2 and portable meteorological instrument KS4000 were used to observe the microclimatic factors,such as light intensity,air temperature and humidity,wind speed and direction.The ground temperature was tested by WQG-15 thermonmeter at same time.【Result】The climatic factors changed to some extent with different jujube-crops intercropping systems.Within the same intercropping system,the micro-climate varied in different lines,especially for light intenstity.Among the different intercropping system,the order of light intensity was 3×4(m) jujube-wheat intercropping〈2×6(m) jujube-wheat intercropping CK-1(wheat field)〈3×4 m jujube-cotton intercropping〈2×6(m) jujube-cotton intercroppingCK-2(cotton field),while within the same intercropping system,the order of light radiation amount was eastern and western lines〈middle lines〈controls.The average shading rates of four intercropping systems were 10.7%,6.7%,12.8% and 9.5% respectively.Other microclimate factors varied as well.【Conclusion】The intergrowth period of Jujube-wheat was shorter than that of Jujube-cotton system,so the shading period was shorter and illumination was better.But the general influence was not severe.And the other microclimate factors had almost the same change.
出处
《新疆农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期888-892,共5页
Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目"环塔里木盆地枣农间作关键技术研发与示范"(2007BAD36B03-2)
关键词
枣麦间作
枣棉间作
小气候
光照强度
jujube-wheat intercropping
jujube-cotton intercropping
microclimate
light intensity