马铃薯甲虫识别及其在新疆的分布、传播和危害

Research on the Identification of Colorado Potato Beetle & Its Distribution Dispersal and Damage in Xinjiang

【目的】为我国马铃薯甲虫的监测、防控提供依据。【方法】采用室内显微形态观察、田间普查、取食量及危害产量损失测定等,描述了马铃薯甲虫的形态特征,摸清了该虫的传播扩散、危害,在世界和中国新疆的分布情况。【结果】马铃薯甲虫分布扩展至天山以北准噶尔盆地8个地州,35个县市,约260 000 km^2的区域,以及上述区域兵团所属团场马铃薯种植区均有分布,迁飞是马铃薯甲虫传播的主要方式,以成虫和幼虫危害马铃薯叶片,一般可造成30%-50%产量损失,严重者减产可达90%以上。【结论】鉴于该虫的危险性和极强的侵入性,建议加强对该害虫的口岸商品和相关农产品检疫,严禁从疫情发生区或发生国调运马铃薯及其副产品,应在我国马铃薯甲虫高风险区和潜在风险区加强马铃薯甲虫的监测和封锁防控,严防其进一步扩散,确保我国马铃薯生产安全。

【Objective and Method】The purpose of the research on Colorado Potato Beetle（CPB） in Xinjiang was to reveal its distribution,dispevsal and identification by observing the shape characteristics,surveying widely in the field and measuring its eating capacity loss of damage 【Result】35 counties attached by 8 regions were involved in distribution of CPB in Xinjiang,which entirely lie in northern part of Xinjiang and covered 260 000 km^2.The dispersal of CPB relied on flying mainly in long distance dispersal.The damage resulted in 30%～50% loss of its yield.sometimes the loss of its damage could reach bey and 90% of the total yield.【Conclusion】It was necessary that lots of works should be done to guarantee the safty of potato production in China,by intensifying the quarantine monitoring and control of CPB.