艾比湖自然保护区植物群落的数量分类及土壤环境解释

The Numerical Classification of Vegetation Community and Soil interpretation of Nature Reserve in the Ebinur Lake Wetland

【目的】为了阐明艾比湖自然保护区植物群落的分类及与土壤因子的相关关系。【方法】随机设置54个样方进行植被调查,并分别在每个样方0-15、15-30和30-50 cm深度取土样。以植物重要值作为衡量植物组成相似性的指标,应用逐步聚类的方法将调查区域植被进行划分。采用主成分分析的方法分析植物群落数量分类的结果与土壤因子的相关关系。【结果】植物群落划分为5种类型：即胡杨（Populus euphratica）-芦苇（Phragm ites australis）-罗布麻（Apocynum venetum）群落,甘草（Glycyrrhiza uralensis）-芦苇（Phragm ites australis）群落,盐节木（Halocnemum strobilaceum）-盐爪爪（Kalidium foliatum）群落,梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）-白刺（Nitraria schoberi）群落,梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）-白麻（Poacynum henclersoni）群落。主成分分析的结果表明：提取3个主分量能够解释100%的群落间土壤因子差异,第一主分量主要与土壤含水量和土壤全盐量相关;第二主分量主要与土壤pH值相关;第二主分量主要与土壤有机质含量相关。【结论】土壤、植被二者互相作用,土壤因子影响着植被的结构特点,反过来群落植被特征也影响着土壤的理化性质。

【objective】In order to explore the correlations between plant community types and soil variables in Nature Reserve of the Ebinur Lake wetland.【Method】54 quadrats were established randomly to study the vegetation community and soil samples were made in each quadrct at 0-15 cm,15-30 cm,30-50 cm depths,respectively.Vegetation and soil characters were analyzed simultan eously and the results were correlated.A hierarchical cluster and pirnciple component analysis（PCA） were performed based on the importance value of plant species and soil vraiables respectively.【Result】Five types of communities were recognized and described in details,i.e.Populus euphratica-Phragm ites australis-Apocynum venetum community,Glycyrrhiza uralensis-Phragm ites australis community,Halocnemum strobilaceum-Kalidium foliatum community,Haloxylon ammodendron-Halostachys caspica community and Haloxylon ammodendron-Poacynum henclersoni community.The result of principle component analysis showed that there was a specific relationship between soil vairables and plant community type.Three principal components,namely pH value,soil moisture and total salt content and organic matter content,could explain 100% of the differences of soil variables among plant communities.【Conclusion】The plant community types and the soil variables interacted with each other.The soil property and the plant community character had effects on each other.