产后暴露于无避孕措施的性行为及其影响因素分析

Postpartum Sexual intercourse Exposed to No Use of Contraceptive Methods and Factors Influencing Postpartum Contraceptive Use among Married Women in Shanghai

本文利用上海市两个区和两个郊县3898名妇女产后15个月的随访资料．对产后意外妊娠的危险因素—暴露于无避孕措施的性行为及其影响因素进行了分析。结果显示，产后意外妊娠的妇女中，44．1％因未用避孕措施而妊娠，其中95．5％的妇女妊娠前从未使用过任何避孕措施。产后首次性生活时妇女避孕措施使用的比例仅34．53％，市区高于郊县。产后一年内恢复性生活的妇女仅33．0％每次性生活都用避孕措施。性生活未立即使用避孕措施的主要原因为：认为哺乳期不会怀孕，认为未转经不会怀孕及认为性生活次数少不会怀孕。影响妇女产后性生活时是否使用避孕措施的因素有：居住地、妇女受教育程度、职业、首次性生活时是否已转经、夫妇产后是否接受过有关产后性生活和产后避孕的宣教及产后性生活开始时间等。研究结果提示：应加强对产后避孕的宣教，纠正错误的传统观念，提高妇女产后的避孕率。

Based on the data on 3898 women who were follwed up for fifteen months after delivery in two urban districts and two rural counties,contraceptive behavior after delivery and factors influ.encing contraceptive use were analyzed. Of women who had unwanted pregnancy. 41.4% had pregnancy because of not uising contraceptive methods and 95. 5% had never used any contraceptive methods before pregnancy. Only 34. 5% of women used contraceptive methods at the time of first intercourse after delivery. The proportion in urban districts was higher than that in rural counties. Among women who resumed sexual behavior in one year a after delivery. only 33. 0% used contraceptive methods every time. The main reasons for not using contraceptive methods as early as possible were as follows: women would not become pregnancy during lactation. women would not become pregnancy before resumption of menstruation and occasional sexual intercourse would not result in pregnancy. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors influencing contraceptive use after delivery included place of residence. education. occupation, whether or not the woman had resumed menstruation .whether or not the couple had been given health education on postpartum sexual behavior and contraceptive use. and the interval between delivery and first intercouse. The survey indicated that to prevent unwanted pregnancy, it is necessary to strengthen health education on postpartum contraceptive use and to correct the wrong traditional conception of contraceptive use after delivery.