广西雅长兰科植物分布区土壤理化性质

Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in a Distribution Region of Arethusa in Yachang,Guangxi Province

为了更好地繁殖和保存兰科植物的优良基因,在广西雅长兰科植物自然保护区,按兰科植物的水平分布及垂直分布状况,选择代表性的地段设置样地22个,分别取样测定土壤（0-20 cm）理化性质。结果表明,土壤密度为0.530-1.012 g.cm-3,平均值为0.794 g.cm-3;土壤总孔隙度为39.7%-62.9%,平均值为54.1%;土壤通气度为16.7%-34.4%,平均值为25.1%。土壤pH值为5.33-8.03;有机质质量分数为30.55-98.32 g.kg-1;全氮及水解氮质量分数分别为1.46-7.38 g.kg-1和191.40-713.40 mg.kg-1;全磷及有效磷质量分数分别为0.72-1.77 g.kg-1和0.80-6.30 mg.kg-1;全钾及速效钾质量分数分别为1.32-9.88 g.kg-1和25.30-99.80 mg.kg-1。从而充分表明,广西雅长兰科植物分布区土壤较疏松、通气性及透气性能良好。土壤中氮、磷、钾主要养分质量分数丰富。

Twenty-two typical sample plots were set up in Yachang Nature Reserve according to the horizontal and vertical distribution of arethusa in order to breed and preserve the fine genes of arethusa（Orchidaceae）.Physical and chemical properties of the soil in the layer of 0-20cm were determined.Results showed that soil bulk density ranged from 0.530 to 1.012g·cm-3,with an average value of 0.794g·cm-3;soil total porosity changed between 39.7% and 62.9%,with an average value of 54.1%;soil aeration degrees varied from 16.7% to 34.4%,with an average value of 25.1%.Soil pH value ranged from 5.33 to 8.03,organic matter content from 30.55 to 98.32g·kg-1,contents of total nitrogen and hydrolyzed nitrogen from 1.46 to 7.38g·kg-1 and 191.40 to 713.40mg·kg-1,contents of total phosphorus and available phosphorus from 0.72 to 1.77g·kg-1 and 0.80 to 6.30mg·kg-1,and contents of total kalium and available kalium from 1.32 to 9.88g·kg-1 and 25.30 to 99.80mg·kg-1,respectively.The soil in the distribution region of arethusa in Yachang,Guangxi is better in infiltration characteristics and rich in nutrient contents.