宝鸡市川道台塬区土地利用景观格局动态分析

Dynamic Changes of Land Use and Landscape Pattern of Tableland in Baoji,Shanxi Province

基于1995、2000、2007年3期宝鸡地区的TM影像,利用3S技术手段,对宝鸡市川道台塬区的土地利用景观格局动态变化进行了研究分析,结果表明:宝鸡市川道台塬区的景观基质为耕地景观;建设用地快速增长,是研究时段内增长最多的土地利用类型;1995年到2000年间,研究区内新兴建设用地增加较多,侵占大量耕地,在政府"建设用地占补平衡,确保基本农田面积稳定"的政策下,又开垦了大量耕地补偿,新耕地主要来源于草地;2000年至2007年间,土地利用变化过程表现较前期更加剧烈,各土地利用类型变化频繁,在复杂的变化中,城镇化速度加快,林业工程建设在宝鸡市初见成效,使建设用地和林地稳步增加,而水域和草地减少较为明显。景观变化的一个突出特点是:建设用地景观斑块出现了连接整合的过程;整个研究区内各土地利用类型向同类型分散、不同类型间邻近、各类型间彼此混杂的方向发展。

Based on TM images of tableland in Baoji City in 1995,2000,and 2007,the dynamic change of land use patterns was analysed with the help of 3S techniques. Results showed that the cultivated land played a dominant role in landscape patterns,and the built-up area increased most quickly among all the land use types during the research period. From 1995 to 2000,the area of built-up land obviously increased because much cultivated land was occupied. According to the government＇s policy of ＂To compensate for the loss that was caused by built-up area in order to ensure the stability of the area of basic farmland＂ ,a vast area of grassland was reclaimed into cultivated land. Compared with the prior period,land use changed more intensely from 2000 to 2007,and all land use types transformed frequently. During the complex transformation,acceleration of urbanization and construction of forestry engineering have received early effect in Baoji,which resulted in a steady increase in built-up area and forest land as well as an obvious decrease in water body and grassland. It is the main feature of landscape pattern that the patches of construction land join together. The changing trend for land use types in the whole study area is that the same types tend to separate,different types become neighboring,and all types are mixed.