北京市崇文区不同类型绿地土壤酶活性及其与土壤理化性质的关系

Soil Enzyme Activity and Its Relationship with Soil Physico-chemical Properties in Green Areas of Chongwen District of Beijing

通过采集和分析北京市崇文区公园绿地、街旁绿地、居住绿地和行道树绿带土壤样品,比较了不同绿地类型土壤理化性质和酶活性(脲酶,脱氢酶,过氧化氢酶,酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶)的差异,分析了土壤酶活性与土壤物理性质、养分和重金属元素含量的相关性,并讨论了城市绿地土壤质量酶学评价的指标选取问题等。结果表明:①不同土壤酶之间,以及土壤酶活性与土壤物理性质、养分和重金属含量之间,存在着不同程度的相关性。②总体上,公园绿地土壤酶活性最高,行道树绿带土壤酶活性最低,街旁和居住绿地的土壤酶活性无显著差异。土壤酶活性、土壤理化性质和重金属污染水平可分别反映出不同类型绿地间土壤质量的差异,且结果一致。③5种土壤酶中,过氧化氢酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶比较适于作为城市绿地土壤质量的酶学评价指标。

Soil samples from four types of urban green areas in Chongwen District of Beijing, including park green area, settlement green area, roadside green area, and street tree greenbelt, were collected and analyzed. Soil physico-chemical properties and enzyme activities （urease, dehydrogenase, catalase, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase） of different green areas were compared, and the relationships between soil enzyme activities and soil physico-chemical properties as well as the index selection for enzymatic assessment of soil quality in urban green areas were also analysed. Results showed that there were varying degrees of correlations between different soil enzymes as well as between soil enzyme activities and soil physical properties, contents of nutrients and heavy metals. On the whole, soil enzyme activities in park green areas were the highest, and those in street tree greenbelts were the lowest. No significant differences were found in soil enzyme activities between settlement and roadside green areas. There are similar differences in soil enzyme activities, physico-chemical properties, and heavy metal levels among the four types of urban green areas. Among the five kinds of soil enzymes, catalase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase are suitable for enzymatic assessment of soil quality in urban green areas.