南蛇藤大、小孢子发生及雌、雄配子体发育的观察

Megasporogenesis,Microsporogenesis,and Development of Male and Female Gametophytes of Celastrus orbiculatus

通过石蜡切片技术对南蛇藤(Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.)大、小孢子发生和雌、雄配子体发育过程进行了研究。结果显示:南蛇藤的花药具4个药室,花药壁发育为基本型,腺质绒毡层。小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中的胞质分裂为同时型,小孢子四分体排列为四面体型。成熟花粉为2-细胞型。南蛇藤子房3室,每室2枚倒生胚珠,双珠被,厚珠心。珠心表皮下的2～4层细胞分化为孢原,并直接发育成大孢子母细胞。四分体呈直线型排列。雌配子体发育为蓼型。

A study was conducted to observe the megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis and development of male and female gametophytes of Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. by the paraffin sectioning method. Results show that the anther wall of C. orbiculatus includes 4 layers, the development of anther wall is of the basic type, and the tapetum belongs to the glandular tapetum. The cytokinesis after meiotic division of PMCs is simultaneous and the microspore arrangement in the tetrad is tetrahedral. Later, tetrads are divided into 4 single cells. Mature pollen grains are two-cell type. The ovary is trilocular, bitegmic and crassinucellate, with two anatropous ovules in each. The archesporial cell usually functions directly as the megaspore mother cell. The tetrad of megaspores is linear in arrangement. The embryo sac belongs to Polygonum type.