风箱果花粉生活力、柱头可授性及传粉者的观察

Pollen Viability,Stigma Receptivity and Pollinators of Physocarpus amurensis

用TTC法研究了风箱果(Physocarpus amurensis)花粉的生活力,用联苯胺—过氧化氢法检测风箱果柱头可授性,在野外实地观测风箱果的访花者。结果表明:刚开花时花粉生活力达到90%以上,在干、湿两种保存条件下,花粉生活力都随着保存时间的延长显著下降。干燥条件下,生活力能维持3d,从第3天开始生活力显著下降,在第6天时丧失生活力。而湿润条件下,花粉仅保存1d就完全丧失生活力。风箱果柱头的可授性是在开花后第2天,持续大约3d。风箱果在自然条件下靠昆虫传粉,但是种类和数量稀少,访花频率极低,其中蜜蜂科昆虫是有效的传粉者。

An experiment was conducted to study the pollen viability, stigma receptivity and pollinators of Physocarpus amurensis. The pollen viability was evaluated by TTC test, the stigma receptivity was estimated by benzidine-H2O2 method, and the pollinators were investigated on the field in situ. Results showed that the pollen viability was higher than 90% on the blooming day. The pollen viability significantly decreased with the increasing of reservation time under dry and wet conditions. The viability of pollens could last about three days under dry conditions, and significantly decreased from then, lost their viability completely on the 6th day. The viability of pollens lost their viability absolutely when reserved only one day under wet conditions. The stigma had receptivity on the second day after blooming, and the receptivity could last about three days. The pollination extremely depends on insects under the natural conditions, but the variety and quantity are very exiguous, and the visiting frequency is also extremely low. Bees are the effective pollinators in all visitors.