清末教科书审定

Textbook Examination in Late Qing Dynasty

清末审定教科书的标准有二:其一为是否合乎当时的教育宗旨,即对教科书进行意识形态色彩的思想性审查;其二为是否合乎现代教育的基本规范,即对教科书进行教育的学术性和技术性审查。从审定的实际情况看,教育的学术性和技术审查对于保证清末教科书的质量起到了一定的积极作用,但是不能估计过高;思想性审查则在一定程度上遏制了"排满"革命等社会新思想的传播,保护了旧有的思想意识形态。就此而言,清末的教科书审定为我们理解当时的新式教育乃至整个社会思想的变迁都提供了一个新视角。

Based on large quantity of historical data including the Education Department＇s reviews on textbooks,this thesis sums up the official textbook examination criteria in Late Qing Dynasty.On basis of an analysis of the then textbook examination realities,this paper presents an itemized description of the influences of examination on education and social thoughts in modern China age,hence providing a new perspective for observation of the trend of new education system and social thoughts then.