肉牛规范化饲养管理技术示范效果调查研究

Demonstration Effect of Standardized Feeding and Management Techniques of Beef Cattle

在粗放饲养条件下,对照组育肥肉牛日增重0.8967 kg/头,出栏时纯收益67.62元/头,饲养报酬率为21.89%,通过配套肉牛＂五良＂（良种、良舍、良医、良法、良料）规范化饲养管理技术,试验组育肥肉牛日增重1.5928 kg/头,出栏时头均纯收益278.38元/头,饲养报酬率为71.2%,差异极显著（P〈0.01）。试验组和对照组的受配率分别为78.75%和65.00%,差异不显著（P〉0.05）;受胎率为98.31%和90.48%,差异显著（P〈0.05）;繁活率为72.5%和47.5%,差异极显著（P〈0.01）。西杂公母犊出生重,6月龄、12月龄和18月龄体尺与本地黄牛相比,出生重提高19.6%~21.9%,体高增长6.9%~18.2%,体斜长增长12.0%~19.1%,管围增长10.9%~22.2%,体重增长38.3%~62.0%。两组肉牛屠宰率分别为56.4%和52.8%,净肉率分别为46.70%和44.39%,优质肉块占活体比重分别为28.74%和28.24%,差异不显著（P〉0.05）。

Under the extensive feeding conditions,the daily gained weight,slaughter net income and feed ratio was 0.8967 kg,67.62 Yuan and 21.89%,respectively,per cattle of control group.While the daily gained weight,slaughter net income and feed ratio was 1.5928 kg,278.38 Yuan and 71.2%,respectively,per cattle of the test group through the supporting 5 good standardized feeding and management techniques of beef cattle.The difference was obviously significant（P0.01）.The mated rate of control and test group was 78.75% and 65.00%,respectively,and the difference was not significant（P0.05）.The conception rate of the two group was 98.31% and 90.48%,and the difference was significant（P0.05）.The reproductive and live rate was 72.5% and 47.5%,there was significant difference（P0.01）.Compared with the local yellow cattle,the birth weight,body height,body length,circumference of cannon bone and body weight of Simmental hybrids at 6,12 and 18 months old increased 19.6%~21.9%,6.9%~18.2%,12.0%~19.1%,10.9%~22.2% and 38.3%~62.0%,respectively.The slaughter rate,pure meat percentage,and the percentage of quality cuts of living body of the two groups was 56.4%,46.70%,28.74% and 52.8%,44.39%,28.24%,respectively.There was no significant difference（P0.05）.