新型微波解冻装置解冻冰冻红细胞在骨科患者中的临床应用

Installation of new microwave thawing of frozen thawed red blood cells in the clinical application of orthopedic patients.

目的采用新型微波解冻装置快速解冻冰冻红细胞，用于骨科患者，探讨其安全性和有效性。方法用新型微波解冻装置解冻以甘油为保护剂-80℃保存的红细胞，用不同浓度的洗涤液洗涤去除甘油，以红细胞回收率、游离血红蛋白含量、残余甘油含量、体外溶血试验和无菌试验为质量检测控制项目。输血过程中观察患者有无发热、过敏、溶血及血压降低等不良反应并纪录输血速度；患者输血后，检测24h、72h血常规，生化及血气分析。结果冰冻红细胞质量达到《全血及成分质量要求》（GB18469—2001）的要求。患者输血后未发现不良事件，各项指标72h内存在一定的变化，但均在正常范围内，24h、72h各项指标与输血前相比．RBC、HGB未明显下降，肝、肾功能未受明显损害，血K^＋、血气各项指标无明显变化。结论新型微波解冻装置采用微波水热法能快速解冻冰冻红细胞，质量符合标准，应用于骨科患者安全、有效，为解决血液长期储存、保障供血和稀有血型患者输血及自身输血提供了新的方法和手段，是野战和重大灾害等特殊情况下提供保障的有效装备。

Objective Installation of new microwave thawing by microwave hydrothermal method rapid thawing of frozen red blood cells, used for orthopedic patients, to explore its safety and effectiveness. Methods Microwave thawing devices using the new thaw in glycerol as a protective agent - 80 ℃ stored red blood cells with different concentrations of washing liquid washing to remove glycerol, to red blood cell recovery, free hemoglobin, residual glycerol content, in vitro hemolysis test and sterility test for the quality testing control program. Wheiher observed during blood transfusion in patients with fever, allergies, such as hemolysis and blood pressure to reduce adverse reactions and record blood transfusion rate; patients with post - transfusion testing 24 h,72 h routine blood test, biochemical and blood gas analysis. Results The quality of frozen red blood cells to achieve ＂whole blood and component quality requirements＂ （GB18469 -2001 ） requirements. Not found in patients with post - transfusion adverse events, and all indications 72 h of memory- in a certain change, but were within the normal range, 24 h, 72 h before blood transfusion, compared with the indicators, RBC, HGB has not decreased, liver and kidney function unaffected obvious damage, blood K^＋ , blood gas analysis showed no significant change. Conclusion Installation of new microwave thawing by microwave hydrothermal method can quickly thaw frozen red blood cells, the quality standard, used in orthopedic patients with safe, effective, in order to solve the long - term storage of blood to protect the blood supply and blood transfusion in patients with rare blood groups and blood transfusion itself provides a new method and Means.