陶宗仪生年和早年求学新考

A New Textual Research of TAO Zong-yi' Birth Date and Early Schooling

元末明初儒士陶宗仪的生平情况,见于其友人孙作《陶先生小传》、《明史.文苑传》、贝阙《南村外史传》、邵亨贞《南村辍耕录疏》等,然对其生年和早年求学情况,现存文献大多语焉不详。由于其墓志铭和行状未能保存下来,故而学术界对其生平多有争议。现据陶宗仪老师钱璧《元钱伯全札》、友人孙作《陶先生小传》、邵亨贞《南村草堂记》、同乡林克贤《南村辍耕录后叙》等文献,结合《南村辍耕录》等资料,考订其生年及从钱璧问学等情况。

TAO Zong-yi,a famous scholar during the period from the late Yuan Dynasty to the early Ming Dynasty,whose resume was recorded in ＂Tao Xian Sheng Xiao Zhuan＂ by his friend,Sunzuo,＂Ming History-Wen Yuan Zhuan＂,＂Nan Cun Wai Shi Zhuan＂ by Bei Jue,＂Nan Cun Chuo Geng Lu Shu＂ by Shao Henzhen and so on.However,most documents have no detailed account of Tao＇s birth date and his early Schooling.Moreover,because none of his epitaph and ＂Xing Zhuang＂（brief biographical sketch of a deceased person） survive,so it has long been controversial in academic circle.Based on the documents like ＂Yuan Qian Bo Quan Zha＂ by Tao Zongyi＇s teacher,Qi Bi,＂Tao Xian Sheng Xiao Zhuan＂ by his friend,Sun Zuo,＂NanCunCaoTang Ji＂ by Shao Henzhen,＂Nan Cun Chou Geng Lu Hou Xu＂ by his county fellow,Lin Kexian,and some document information such as ＂Nan Cun Chou Geng Lu＂,this paper does a textual research on Tao＇s birth date and his early schooling with Qi Bi as his master.