陕西省渭河流域水沙分布特性及变化分析

Analysis on the Distribution Characteristic and Variation of Water and Sediment of the Weihe Basin in Shaanxi Province

根据近50年来的降水、径流和泥沙等方面资料,对陕西省渭河流域水沙空间分布特性及变化情况进行了分析计算.结果表明:渭河流域具有明显的水沙异源特性;在时间分布上,水沙输送主要集中于降水量较大的汛期,年内分布相对集中;同时水沙年际变化较大,从20世纪50年代到90年代总体均呈下降趋势,并且不同时段水沙匹配模式不同.

According to the data of the rainfall,runoff and sediment in the nearly 50 years,the characteristic of the spatial distribution and changes about the runoff and sediment of the Weihe watershed in Shaanxi Province have been analyzed and calculated in this paper.The results show three aspects： first,the runoff and sediment from different sources is the distinguishing characteristic of the Weihe basin.Second,in time distribution,the runoff and sediment transport mainly concentrate in the large flood and rain season.In other words,the distribution is relatively concentrated.Lastly,the runoff and sediment with the large inter-annual variations had shown a declining trend in general from 1950s to 1990s,while the matching modes of the water and sediment were different during different periods.