宋汝窑、官窑与龙泉窑器型比较

THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FORM OF RU WARES、GUAN WARES AND LONGQUAN WARES OF SONG DYNASTY

宋代,汝窑主要烧制生活用瓷器与陈设瓷器,兼烧少量礼器。而修内司窑与郊坛窑烧制礼器的比重大大增加,出现一些汝窑未见的器物。龙泉"贡瓷"形制应与官窑产品基本保持一致。但龙泉窑毕竟是民窑,烧制方面不似官窑般严格,通过制瓷技术的创新,创造出丰富多彩的瓷器造型。官窑器带有复古改制的政治色彩,更多的受到礼学传统限制,因此更强调忠实于"古";而且一旦"复古"成功,形成新的定制,就很少向前发展。民窑器则更为商业化,受到当时流行审美情趣的影响,因此更具有"开放性"和"创造性"。

Life porcelain and exhibition porcelain play the main role in Ru Wares,companying with a few sacrificial vessels.The shape of Longquan Gongci should be in harmony with Guan Wares.However,as the Folk Wares,Longquan Wares are not comparably strict as Guan Wares.Guan Wares lay more emphasis on ＂antiqueness＂ with the political color of the ＂restore to ancient＂ and the traditional constraint of feudal ethical code;meanwhile,it will seldom further develop with ＂restore to ancient＂ is succeeded.Whereas,Folk Wares will be more commercialized with openness and creativity.