水稻大粒种质淀粉积累特性研究

Study on Starch Accumulation Characteristics on Large Seed of Rice

[目的]为合理利用水稻大粒种质提供理论依据。[方法]以水稻大粒种质31C122、31C125(千粒重近50g)和常规水稻品种吉玉粳、赋育333为材料,对其籽粒中糖分和淀粉的积累过程进行对比研究。[结果]供试材料弱势粒总糖含量高于强势粒,大粒种质总糖含量低于常规品种;强势粒总淀粉含量高于弱势粒,常规品种总淀粉含量高于大粒种质;供试材料各粒位支链淀粉含量高于直链淀粉,大粒种质直链淀粉含量低于常规品种;大粒种质强势粒总淀粉积累高峰较常规品种强势粒有所推迟,弱势粒总淀粉积累高峰较常规品种有所提前;大粒种质强势粒总淀粉活跃积累期长于常规品种强势粒。[结论]大粒种质的品质好于常规水稻品种。

[Objective] The paper aimed to provide the theoretical foundation for rational using the large seeds of rice. [Method] Large seeds of rice 31C122、31C125 （nearly 50 g/1 000-weight） and normal rice varieties including Jiyujing and Fuyu 333 as materials,and accumulative process of sugar and starch in seeds were compared and analyzed. [Result] Sugar contents of inferior grains were higher than superior grains in all tested materials,sugar contents of large seeds were lower than ordinary ones;Starch contents of superior grains were higher than inferior grains,starch contents of ordinary ones were higher than large seeds,amylopectin contents were higher than amylose contents in all tested materials,amylose contents of large seeds were lower than ordinary ones;The peak of accumulation starch for superior grains of large seeds were later than ordinary ones,inferior grains advanced;Active saving period of starch for superior grains of large seeds was longer than ordinary ones. [Conclusion] The quality of large seeds is better then ordinary ones.