基于TM数据的青海湖北岸景观特征与景观空间格局分析

Landscape Characteristics of Northern Shore of Qinghai Lake and Analysis on Landscape Pattern Based on TM Data

基于遥感、地理信息系统和景观生态学研究方法,以青海湖北岸为研究区域,对2006年的landsat-5TM遥感影像图进行了解译,得到青海湖流域土地利用景观类型图;同时将研究区景观划分为13种类型。选取景观多样性指数、景观空间构型指数、景观缀块特征指数等7项景观生态指标,应用FRAGSTATS软件系统进行分析,结果表明:研究区内的优势景观类型为高山草甸,占总面积的30.91%,其次为干旱草原和湖泊,3种景观类型的面积占总面积的77.48%;研究区湖泊具有最小的景观形状指数(LSI为2.65),说明其形状较其他景观类型规则;研究区的景观特征是以高寒草甸、湖泊和干旱草原为景观基地,河流为廊道的景观空间格局。

Based on remote sensing,geographic information systems and landscape ecology research methods,with northern shore of Qinghai Lake as study region,landsat-5TM remote sensing image in 2006 was interpreted and classified to obtain landscape types of land use in Qinghai Lake watershed,and the landscape was classified into 13 types. Seven landscape ecological indexes were selected such as landscape diversity index,landscape spatial configuration index and landscape patch characteristics index. FRAGSTATS software was used to analyze. The results showed that the dominant landscape type in study area is alpine meadow,accounting for 30.91%,followed by arid grassland and lake,the area of above three landscape types accounting for 77.48%; lakes in study area have minimum landscape shape index （LSI is 2.65）. The landscape characteristics of the study area are： with alpine meadow,lake and arid grassland as landscape base,and river as corridor.