深圳市5～6岁儿童患龋情况抽样调查

THE DECIDUOUS CARIES IN 5～6 YEAR-OLD CHILDREN SHENZHEN COHORT

目的调查深圳市5岁儿童乳牙龋病状况,并与1997年基线流调结果对比,为深圳市儿童口腔卫生保健提供参考依据。方法参照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案,按照世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》(第4版),采用多阶段分层等容量随机整群抽样的方法。覆盖全市六个区,37个调查点,调查了1 182名5～6岁儿童的患龋情况。结果深圳市5岁儿童患龋率为71.3%,龋失补牙数(dmft)为4.38(构成比:龋92.4%;龋失0.4%;龋补7.2%)。乳牙患龋率和dmft在男性和女性、特区内和特区外儿童之间的差异均不具有统计学意义。75.4%的龋齿集中在33.8%的儿童口腔中,这部分儿童龋齿数均在6颗以上。上、下颌之间患龋率差异具有统计学意义(p<0.01)。上颌牙列中乳中切牙最易患龋,下颌牙列中第二乳磨牙最易患龋。与1997年相比,深圳市5岁儿童患龋率明显降低,但与全国相比仍较高。龋齿充填率与10年前得到了提高,与广东省、全国相比均明显较高。结论深圳市5岁儿童乳牙患龋率情况较基线指标好转,存在两极化现象。既往的防龋工作针对性不强,儿童乳牙龋病防治面临严峻的形式和潜在的机遇。

Objective The aim of this survey was to obtain some information about the prevalence of decidu- ous tooth caries of 5 - 6 year- old Children in Shenzhen city and compare with the index in 1997. Methods Accord- ing to The Guideline for the 3rd National Oral Health Survey, an equal -sized stratified multi -stage randomly sam- piing design was applied to obtain a representative sample group consisted of 1182 5 -6 year- old children in shenz- hen city, with a gender ratio of half to half. Basis of World Health Organization and national oral health survey stand- ards, dental caries prevalence were investigated in selected children in 2008. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS package. Results The prevalence rate of deciduous tooth caries of 5 - year - old children in shenzhen city was 71.3%, with a draft of 4. 38. The filling rate was only 7. 2%. The prevalence rate of deciduous tooth caries showed no significant difference between different area and gender. 75.4% of the dental caries had concentrated in 33.8% of the involved children, of which the numbers of the dental caries were more than 6. There were significant prevalence differences among maxilla and mandible （p 〈0. 01 ）. The first deciduous incisors is the most susceptible to dental caries in Maxillary teeth, and the second molars in mandibular teeth. The prevalence rate of primary teeth caries had declined when compared with it in 1997, still was higher than the national average. The filling rate improved signifi- cantly. Conclusions The data suggested that the indexes about the caries of 5 - year - old children in shenzhen in the survey are better than 1997, with the division into two opposing extremes. It is lack of specificity on the prevention and treatment in the past in Shenzhen. We have to face the severe situation and potential opportunity in the future.