罪犯改造:由同质主义到理性多元化

Criminal Reform:From Homogeneity to Rational Diversification

刑罚演进的历史是人类社会文明进步的发展史,它昭示了不同历史阶段所具有的行刑理念和行刑目的。新中国改造罪犯的历史带有典型的中国文化的特征,打上了新中国发展的政治烙印,综合起来看可以分为三个阶段:阶级改造阶段、劳动改造阶段和科学改造阶段。而这三个阶段是以不同的认识论作为基础的。由同质主义认识论、非理性主义认识论到理性主义认识论,我国的罪犯改造或矫正教育工作步入了理性多元化时代。

The evolution of penalties,which is reflected in the development of human civilization,demonstrates various execution ideologies in different historical stages.Therefore the development of Chinese society since the founding of PRC would inevitably have a bearing on her criminals reforming in this period,which could be generally divided into three stages based on different epistemologies： the stage of class reform,the stage of reform-through-labor,and the stage of scientific reform.Epistemologically,criminal reform or correction in China has stepped into the time of diversity,from homogeneity to irrationalism,and finally to rationalism.