ICP-AES测定南宁市大气颗粒物中重金属含量

Determination of Heavy Metals in Atmospheric Particulate of Nanning by Inductive Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry

采用石英滤纸和隔膜真空泵自制采样装置,对南宁市区的居民区、校园区、商业区和工业区进行连续10d的大气采样,所得样品经微波消解后,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定铬、铁、铜、锌、砷、镉和铅七种重金属元素含量以检测南宁市空气质量,同时考察了仪器工作参数对测定结果的影响。实验表明:在选定的实验条件下,各元素的检出限低,准确性和精密度良好。样品测定结果表明,大气环境中重金属污染物以Fe、Zn和Pb为主;工业区,商业区,居民区重金属含量高于校园区。重金属平均浓度最大值为:Cr(0.06027μg/m)3、Fe(1.8541μg/m)3、Cu(0.02214μg/m)3、Zn(0.3666μg/m)3、As(0.02272μg/m)3、Cd(0.004733μg/m)3、Pb(0.1843μg/m)3,低于我国(TJ36-96)《居住区大气中的有害物质最高容许量》中规定值,说明南宁市空气质量良好。

A customized sampling device using diaphragm pump and quartz filter paper was used to collect atmospheric particulate in residential,school,business and industrial areas of Nanning,Guangxi for 10 day period. After particulate samples were digested by a microwave-assisted system,heavy metals such as Cr,Fe,Cd,Zn,Pb,As and Cu in the sample solution were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-AES）to check air quality of Nanning. Instrumental operation parameters which affected the determination were optimized. It was found that detection limits were both precise and accurate,main heavy metal pollutants in atmospheric environment were Fe,Zn and Pb. The contents in industrial,business and residential areas were higher than that in school area. The highest average amounts of Cr 0.06027μg/m3,Fe 1.8541μg/m3,Cu 0.02214μg/m3,Zn 0.3666μg/m3,As 0.02272μg/m3,Cd 0.004733μg/m3 and Pb 0.1843μg/m3 were far below those permitted in Chinese standard for residence of TJ36-96,which indicated that air quality in Nanning was quite good.