4省6地区HIV感染孕产妇抗病毒药物应用状况分析

An investigation of use of antiviral drugs for HIV-infected mothers in 6 counties of 4 provinces in China

目的 了解我国部分艾滋病高发地区近年来艾滋病病毒感染孕产妇抗病毒药物应用情况及变化趋势.方法 自2007年1月～2009年11月对我国艾滋病相对高发的4省（自治区）6县开展相关调查研究,为在这一期间检测发现并分娩的艾滋病病毒感染产妇及其所娩婴儿提供相关的预防艾滋病母婴传播干预服务,提供抗病毒药物,并收集相关的资料进行分析.结果 艾滋病病毒感染孕产妇的平均年龄为27.8±5.5岁,初中及以下文化程度者占87.9%.83.1%的调查对象应用了抗病毒药物,用药比例逐年提高（χ^2=5.45,P〈0.05）,但孕期用药的比例只占53.9%;三联用药方案比例逐年提高（χ^2=121.07,P〈0.01）.艾滋病病毒感染产妇所娩婴儿抗病毒药物应用比例为91.7%.结论 艾滋病病毒感染孕产妇及所娩婴儿抗病毒药物应用比例逐年提高,但还应进一步提高早期应用规范抗病毒药物方案的比例,从而降低艾滋病对妇女和儿童的影响.

Objective To investigate use status and change trend of antiviral drugs for HIV-infected mothers in some HIV highly prevalent areas in China. Methods The HIV-infected pregnant and parturient women and their neonates in 6 counties of 4 provinces where were HIV highly prevalent areas in a period from January, 2007 to November, 2009 were given intervention services to prevent the mother-to-child transmission of HIV and were supplied antiviral drugs. The relevant data were collected for analysis. Results The average age of HIV infected pregnant and parturient women was 27.8 ± 5.5 years, the pregnant women with junior middle school and below educational levels accounted for 87.9%. 83.1% of the subjects used antiviral drugs and the proportion was increased year by year （X^2 = 5.45, P 〈 0.05）, while, the proportion of the women who used the antiviral drugs in gestation period was only 53.9%. The proportion of the women who used a combination of 3 kinds of antiviral drugs was increased year by year（X^2 = 121.07, P 〈 0.01 ）. The proportion of the neonates born by HIV-infected mothers who used the antiviral drugs was 91.7%. Conclusion The proportions of HIV-infected mothers and their infants who use antiviral drugs are increased year by year, while, the proportion of use of standard regimen should be raised, so as to reduce impacts of HIV （AIDS） on the women and children.