高丹草在贵州中部台地适应性研究

Research on the Adaptability of Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense in the Middle Platform of Guizhou Province

[目的]为在冷凉地区引种高丹草及研究暖季性牧草的抗寒能力提供理论依据。[方法]通过种植试验研究了高丹草在贵州中部台地的物候期、产量及生长表现。[结果]麦坪基地种植高丹草的全生长期为144d,播种后10d内的出苗率为96%。幼苗从分蘖期进入快速生长期,抽穗到开花的时间较长,结实期较长。试验总产量为7523.80g/m2。在整个测产过程中产量变化呈先升后降的趋势,第2次到第3次和第3次到第4次产量测定时,产量迅速下降,降幅分别达595.78和795.95g/m2。除10月以外,各月份测定的株高都高于100cm,10月测定的株高高于90cm。在7～9月株高变化不明显,9～10月株高下降明显。7～8月茎叶比大于2.00,9～10月茎叶比小于2.00。7～8月茎叶比变化不明显,8～10月茎叶比下降明显。[结论]该研究为在贵州中部台地引种高丹草提供了理论指导。

[Objective] The aim was to supply theoretical basis for introducing Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense in cold and cool region and studying the cold-resistance of warm-seasonal forage.[Method] The phonological phase,yield and growth performance of S.bicolor×S.sudanense in the middle platform of Guizhou Province were studied through planting experiment.[Result] The whole growth period of S.bicolor×S.sudanense planted in Maiping base was 144 d and its seedling emergence rate in 10 d since sowing was 96%.The fast-growth period of its seedlings initiated from tillering period,its period from heading to flowering was longer and its fruiting period was longer.Its total yield was 7 523.80 g/m2 in this experiment.In the whole yield-measuring process,the trend of yield change was firstly increasing and then decreasing;from the 2nd yield measuring to the 3rd yield measuring and from the 3rd to the 4th,its yield was decreased rapidly and their decreased amplitudes were up to 595.78 and 795.95 g/m2 resp.Except for Oct.,its plant heights measured in each month were higher than 100 cm.And its plant height was higher than 90 cm in Oct.Its plant height was changed little from Jul.to Sep.and decreased obviously from Sep.to Oct.Its stem-leaf ratio was bigger than 2.00 and changed little from Jul.to Aug.,smaller than 2.00 from Sep.to Oct.and decreased obviously from Aug.to Oct.[Conclusion] This study provided theoretical direction for introducing S.bicolor×S.sudanense in the middle platform of Guizhou Province.