3种植物源农药对鹌鹑和斑马鱼的急性毒性评价

Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Three Botanical Pesticides to Coturnix coturnix japonica and Brachydonio rerio

[目的]通过测试印楝素、除虫菊素、鱼藤酮3种植物源农药对鹌鹑和斑马鱼的急性毒性,评价其对环境的安全性。[方法]采用一次性"经口染毒法"和"半静态法",确定3种农药对鹌鹑和斑马鱼的毒性大小与分级。[结果]印楝素、除虫菊素、鱼藤酮对鹌鹑急性毒性的LD50(168h)分别为13.09、97.04和111.75mg/kg.bw;对斑马鱼急性毒性的LC50(96h)分别为0.05、0.15和0.03mg/L。印楝素对鹌鹑的急性经口毒性等级为高毒,除虫菊素和鱼藤酮为中毒;印楝素和鱼藤酮对鱼的急性毒性等级为剧毒,除虫菊素为高毒。[结论]3种药剂对鹌鹑和斑马鱼都不安全,实际应用中必须减少其对生态环境的危害。

[Objective]Acute toxicity were tested of three botanical pesticides including Azadirachtin,Pyrethrins and Rotenone on Coturnix coturnix japonica and Brachydonio rerio,respectively,in the laboratory,to estimate the environmental securities of the three pesticides.[Method]The oral exposure and semi-static methods were used to determine the toxicity degree and rank of three pesticides on Coturnix coturnix japonica and Brachydonio rerio.[Result] LD50（168 h）of the acute toxicity of Azadirachtin,Pyrethrins and Rotenone on Coturnix coturnix japonicas were：13.09,97.04,111.75 mg/kg·bw and LC50（96 h）on fishes were 0.05,0.15,0.03 mg/L resp.The acute oral toxicity degree of Azadirachtin on Coturnix coturnix japonica was highly toxic,Pyrethrins and Rotenone were medium.Azadirachtin,and Rotenone on fish were hypertoxic,Pyrethrins was highly toxic.[Conclusion]Three pesticides are all unsafety to Coturnix coturnix japonica and Brachydonio rerio,and it must reduce the harmfulness to ecotope in practical applications.