不同大豆基因型苗期磷效率特性研究

Research on the Characteristics of Different Phosphorus Efficiency of Soybean Genotypes at Seedlings Stage

[目的]探讨不同大豆基因型苗期磷效率特性。[方法]采用高、低磷土壤盆栽试验,对大豆苗期不同器官的吸收效率和利用效率进行了研究。[结果]低磷胁迫下,磷高效大豆基因型根、茎和叶的吸磷量明显高于磷低效基因型,对磷的吸收能力较强;磷低效大豆基因型的主要障碍是各器官的磷的吸收效率(即吸磷量)较低。在低磷处理下,根、茎和叶的干重与其吸磷量呈显著或极显著正相关,与其磷的利用效率均呈负相关。[结论]不同大豆基因型苗期对低磷胁迫的适应性反应可以从植株的磷营养效率得以综合体现。低磷胁迫下,磷吸收效率即吸磷量是不同大豆基因型苗期磷效率的主要变异来源,磷高效大豆基因型苗期植株根、茎和叶对磷的吸收和累积能力较强是形成较多干物质的营养基础。

[Objective] The research aimed to investigate the characteristics of different phosphorus efficiency of soybean genotypes at seedling stage.[Method] High and low phosphorus soil pot experiment was conducted to study the uptake efficiency and use efficiency of different organs of soybean at seedlings stage.[Result] Under low-phosphorus stress,P uptake of the roots,stems and leaves of soybean genotypes with high phosphorus efficiency was significantly higher than P-inefficient genotype.The absorptive capacity of phosphorus was strong.The main obstacle of P-inefficient soybean genotypes was lower phosphorus uptake efficiency（P uptake）of different organs.Under low phosphorus treatment,the dry weight of the roots,stems and leaves showed significantly or very significantly positive correlation with P uptake and showed negative correlation with phosphorus use efficiency.[Conclusion] The adaptive responses of different soybean genotypes at seedlings stage to low-phosphorus stress could be embodied by phosphorus nutrition efficiency of plants.Under low-phosphorus stress,the phosphorus uptake efficiency（P uptake）is a major variation source of different phosphorus efficiency of soybean genotypes at seedling stage.The roots,stems and leaves of phosphorus-efficient soybean genotypes at seedling stage had stronger absorption and accumulation capabilities,which was the nutrition basis to form more dry matters.