三江源地区天然牧草气候生产力评估

Assessment of Climate Productivity of Natural Grassland in the Three Rivers Sources Regions in Qinghai

选用河南、甘德、同德、玉树、曲麻莱、五道梁和玛多7个气象台站的1971～2004年的气象资料,对三江源地区的气候条件进行了分析,应用综合数学模型建立了三江源地区的天然草场植物气候生产力评估模型。结果表明:三江源地区气候生产力总体上呈下降的趋势,气候生产潜力较大。在较小范围内,海拔高度和气候生产力呈反比关系,海拔每上升100m气候生产力约降低1200～1425kg/ha,同时水分也是三江源地区天然牧草气候生产力的制约因素之一。

According to the annual temperature and precipitation data from 7 meteorological stations in the three rivers sources regions during the period of 1971-2004,the climate conditions in the three rivers sources regions were analyzed.Using the comprehensive mathematic model,the assessment model of climatic productivity of herbage on the natural grasslands in three rivers sources regions was established.The results showed that the climatic productivity in three rivers indicated a significant decrease trend and grassland potential productivity was greater.In a small range,the climatic productivity and the altitude showed a reverse relationship.When altitude increased 100 meters,the climatic productivity will drop 1 200-1 425 kg/ha.Precipitation was also a limiting factor for the climatic productivity of natural herbage in the three rivers sources regions.