从对外汉语文化教学的角度谈“上”“下”二词

Talk about "Shang","Xia" from the Perspective of Culture Teaching in Teaching Chinese as a Second Language

现代汉语中"上""下"二词作为方位词时,其引申意义体现出了"上尊下卑"和"上好下坏"的文化意义;作为趋向动词时,呈现出了明显的褒贬色彩的不同;作为动词时的一些义项也体现出了褒贬色彩的不同。对这些文化因素的研究与教学,既是对外汉语文化教学的重要组成部分,也显示了文化教学对词汇教学的促进作用。

＂Shang＂,＂Xia＂ in modern Chinese as position word,their extended meanings embody the cultural significance that ＂Shang means distinguished and Xia means humble＂ and ＂Shang means good and Xia means bad＂;as trend verb,＂Shang＂,＂Xia＂ show the obvious difference on being positive or negative;as verb,some senses of ＂Shang＂,＂Xia＂ also show the difference on being positive or negative.The study and teaching on these cultural factors are not only the important component of the culture teaching in teaching Chinese as a second language,but also show the promoting role which the culture teaching plays on the vocabulary teaching.