茹河古道考察研究

A Survey and Research on the Ancient Road of Ruhe

起于陕西西安,经过陕西咸阳、淳化、旬邑、甘肃正宁、宁县或陕西新平、长武、甘肃宁县到蒲、茹两河交汇处的寺沟口,然后沿北石窟寺前茹河河道朔流西上,途经镇原彭阳、镇原县城、开边乡,进入宁夏回族自治区彭阳县城阳乡、古城镇、青石嘴,过瓦亭关(即古萧关)北进45公里进入宁夏固原,然后折向沿清水河北上,直抵黄河入银川、内蒙,是历史上著名的萧关古道(也叫回中道),在从西汉到宋、明,甚至更长的历史时段内都曾经作为交通要道,作为丝绸之路的重要支线发挥过重大作用。其中,从甘肃镇原彭阳到宁夏彭阳、朝那、青石嘴路段约65公里,即茹河沿线一段("茹河古道"),是这条古代交通线中连接西北农耕与游牧文明的关键地段,也是古代中原王朝连接西北边疆的重要交通线。

Xiaoguan Ancient Road （also called Hui Central Road） is famous in history.Its flows from Xian,passes through Xianyang,Chunhua,Xunyi of Shanxi Province,Zhengning,Ningxian of Gansu Province or through Xinpin and Changwu of Shanxi Province,and Sigoukou （the meeting area of Puhe and Ruhe.Then it flows to east along the bank of Ruhe before the North Grottoes Temple,passes through Penyang of Zhengyuan,Zhengyuan County,Kaibian,into Yangxiang,Gucheng,Qingshizui and Bianwatingguan （ancient Xianguan）,flows 45 kilometers to north and into Guyuan of Ningxia.Lastly,it flows to north along Qingshui River,and directly flows into Huanghe,and into Yingchuan and Neimeng.It was the key transport road from Xihan to Song and Ming dynasty,even longer history period,and it had played significant role as the branch of the Silk Road.The part from Penyang of Zhenyuan to Pengyang,Chaona and Qingshizui of Ningxia is about 65 kilometers long,is the Ancient Road of Ruhe.It is the key road that connects North-west farming and nomadic cultivation.It was also an important transport road in connecting the Northwest frontier.