保证与物的担保并存时法律规则之探讨——以《物权法》第176条的规定为中心

A Discussion of Coexistence of Physical and Personal Security in Rules of Law:Based on §176 of Property Right Law

保证与物的担保并存时的法律规则,在我国经历了长期的演变,逐步走向了成熟。我国《物权法》第176条确立的规则,需要从解释论的角度展开。本着私法自治的精神,保证与物的担保并存时,应首先尊重当事人的选择,遵循约定优先的原则;在当事人没有约定时,只有在债务人提供物的担保时才应当限制债权人的选择权。此外,承担了担保责任的担保人相互之间不享有追偿权;保证与法定担保物权并存时,应当准用《物权法》第176条的规定。

Rules of law for coexistence of physical and personal security have been developed for a long time in our country and progressively become more and more mature.The rules established in §176 of Real Right Law need to be further expanded from the view of interpretation theory.Under the spirit of autonomy of private law,when physical and personal security coexist,choices of obligee should be respected in the first place,following the principle of priority of agreement.When there is no agreement between the litigants,the obligee's choice right should be restricted only if the obligor has provided his own property for the security.Furthermore,there is no recovery right between the guarantors who have assumed the guaranty liability;when physical and personal security coexist,rules of §176 should be permitted to be followed.