试述土地权利的财产法构造——以财产权二元性为基点对现行土地权利体系的反思

A Discussion on the Constitution of Land Rights from the Perspective of Property Rights Law——Reflection on the Existing Land Rights System on the Basis of the Duality of Property Right

在财产法的视阈下,土地权利体系非物权法体系甚至民事权利体系所能涵盖。土地公法财产权与私法财产权的二元分野是土地财产权体系的基本架构。我们将土地财产权分为公法上的土地财产权(国家地权)和私法上的土地财产权(土地所有权、土地使用权、继承权等),这对解释土地权利运行的各种法律关系和澄清土地权利的诸多理论误区具有积极的意义。土地财产权二元体系应当作为我国土地权利制度改革的理论基础之一。

From the perspective of property law, the land rights system can not be included in property law system, even civil rights system. The division between the property rights of land in public law and private law is the basic framework of land property rights system. The aothors divide the property rights of land into land property rights in public law （ land right of the state） and land property rights in private law （land ownership, land using right, the right to inherite land, etc. ） , which is of positive significance to explaining the legal relationship on the operation of land rights and clarifying various theoretical myths about land rights. The dual system of land property rights should be one of the theoretical bases of the reform of land rights system of our country.