南方小型矿业城镇土地生态敏感性评价——以湖南省桂阳县为例

Appraisal of Land-use Eco-sensitivity on Small-sized Mining City in Southern China: A Case Study of GuiYang, Hunan

从分析桂阳县土地利用现状入手,结合其自然地理条件和社会经济等状况,选取对区域土地利用影响较大的地质灾害、水环境、土壤侵蚀和生境等因素进行单因子生态敏感性分析,在GIS技术支持下运用多因子加权求和模型,对桂阳县土地生态敏感性进行综合评价,按生态敏感性高低将研究区划分为生态敏感区、生态弱敏感区和生态不敏感区。评价结果表明,生态敏感区和弱敏感区各占研究区的28.7﹪和41.6﹪,说明研究区土地生态敏感性总体上较高,生态风险较大。最后,有针对性地提出桂阳县土地可持续利用建议,为其土地生态环境保护和产业经济布局提供参考。

Four factors of eco-environment are selected to evaluate the ecological sensitivity of the land-use in Guiyang County, Hunan. Those are geological disaster, water environment, soil erosion, and biodiversity. With the GIS technology, by using the factor-overlay method, Guiyang County is thoroughly analyzed by selecting regionally representative factors. Three types of eco-sensitivity are designated： non-sensitivity zone, low sensitivity zone, and high sensitivity zone. The results show that about 70.30﹪ of the studied area is high sensitivity zone and low sensitivity zone, that means the land-use eco-sensitivity is generally high and the ecological risk is great in the county. Some advices on sustainable land use are put forward： non-sensitivity zone should be protected while being developed;low sensitivity zone should be managed with ecological environment improvement, soil erosion control, and land degradation restraining, where the land of the abandoned mines should be reclaimed or revegetated; and high sensitivity zone should be strictly protected where all the development activities be restricted, the degraded land afforestated, and the existing vegetation improved.