峨眉山东坡垂直自然带

THE NATURAL VERTICAL ZONES ON THE EAST SLOPE OF MT. EMEI IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

峨眉山东坡高差约2600米,水平距离仅5公里,而自然带谱垂直分异明显。据此分出四个垂直自然带:Ⅰ.山地中亚热带常绿阔叶林黄壤带(海拔500—1800米);Ⅱ.山地北亚热带常绿阔叶与落叶阔叶混交林黄棕壤带(1800—2200米);Ⅲ.山地中温带针叶与落叶阔叶混交林暗棕壤带(2200—2600米);Ⅳ.山地寒温带针叶林灰化土带(2600—3099米)。

Mt. Emei, a famous trouist attraction, is situated to the southwest of Emeishan City of Sichuan Province, 16km apart. The east slope of Mt. Emei is at 29°31′N and 103°20′E. It's 20km long from the north to the south and 5km wide from the west to the east. Its area is 50km2. The foot of it is 500m above sea level and the top is 3099m above sea level. It faces the Chengdu Plain on the east.The east slope of Mt. Emei raises 2600m from the foot to the top. The vertical differentiation of the climate, vegetation and soil is evident. So it can be divided into four natural vertical zones: I . mountain mid-subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest yellow earth zone (500-1800m a. s. 1. ) ;Ⅱ. mountain northern subtropical evergreen broad-leaved and deciduous broad--leaved mixed forest yellow-brown soil zone (1800-2200m) ; Ⅲ. mountain mid-temprate coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest dark-brown soil zone (2200-2600m );Ⅳ. mountain frigid temprate coniferous forest padzolic soil zone(2600-3099m).The natural vertical zones on the east slope belong to moist kind lacking of the mountain warm temprate deciduous broad-leaved forest zone. The highest line of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest is about 1800m a. s. 1. The lowest line of frigid temprate coniferous forest is about 2600m.The natural vertical zones here are influenced by human actions. The natural vegetations have been destroyed seriously. For example, the lower part of I zone, secondary coniferous forest has been instead of evergreen broad-leaved forest; in theⅢ zone, Abies fabri can't be forest, just some scattered treesamong the deciduous broad-leaved trees; in Ⅳ zone, most of Mies fabri is scattered forest. The Abies fabri forest has been dying group by groupnear the Golden Summit obviouly, the human actions destroyed the ecology circumstance.