直播和移栽水稻的主要农艺及产量性状对比分析

Comparative Analysis on Main Agronomic and Yield Characters of Rice Varieties under Direct-seeding and Transplanting

通过对8个水稻品种(组合)在直播和移栽两种不同栽培方式下的比较试验,研究其生育进程、农艺性状、产量构成因素之间的差异。结果表明,直播水稻生殖生长期提前,生育进程加快,生育期缩短;受光姿态好,群体冠层结构更加合理,光合效率高;直播栽培可显著提高产量,从产量构成因素上分析,其增产的直接原因是有效穗数明显增多,同时在试验中发现品种间单位面积有效穗和大穗之间呈负相关。试验结果同时说明,可通过栽培措施来改善植株性状进而弥补水稻品种的部分缺陷。

Eight rice varieties （combinations） were planted under different cultivation patterns including direct-seeding and transplanting. Influences of the two cultivation patterns on growth period,agronomic characters and yield components were investigated. The result indicated that there were significant differences in the influence between two cultivation patterns. Direct seeding could speed up the process of reproductive growth period and shorten development period. It also had better light interception and colony canopy structure, and increased the utilization efficiency of sunlight energy. The yield increased markedly under direct-seeding cultivation. The direct reason for the yield increase under direct-seeding cultivation was the increase of the effective panicle number. At the same time, the number of productive panicle and the large panicle were negatively correlated. Different cultivation patterns could compensate the weakness of rice varieties by changing farming practices to improve characters of rice plant.