基于传声器阵列的摩托车噪声源分析

An Analysis of Motorcycle Noise Based on Microphone Array

现有的摩托车噪声源分析主要是基于近场声压测量法和声强测量法等;然而,这些方法获取的信息十分有限,而且测试相当耗时。采用最大加速行驶噪声工况基准法模拟摩托车最恶劣噪声场,并应用一种不规则形状的传声器阵列对摩托车噪声源进行试验分析,从而获得匹配的声强(或声压)分布图。通过声场分布图,可直观得到各主要噪声源的分布、强度和频率,并可方便制定出合理的摩托车降噪技术方案。试验结果表明,最大加速行驶噪声工况基准法能准确模拟摩托车最恶劣噪声场,基于传声器阵列的噪声源分析路线和方法准确有效,这将有助于改善摩托车噪声。

The existing noise sources analysis methods for motorcycles are mainly based on the approach of sound pressure measurement in near field or the approach of sound intensity measurement. However, the information gotten in these approaches is very finite. And also the measurement is time consuming. The acceleration condition with the maximum sound pressure level is taken as a benchmark to simulate the worst scene of a motorcycle noise. An irregular-style microphone array was adopted for the experimental analysis of motorcycle noise sources. A mapping sound intensity （or sound pressure） contour can be acquired. The locations, intensities, and frequencies of main noise sources can be obtained visually from these sound field contours. On basis of this, a reasonable de-noise technical scheme can be easily formulated for the motorcycle. Experimental results showed that the noise sources analysis process and method based on microphone array is correct and efficient. The benchmark of the acceleration condition with the maximum sound pressure level can accurately simulate the worst scene of a motorcycle noise. It is helpful for improving motorcycle noise.