国外花生种质资源引种鉴定及分类研究

Studies on Classification and Identification of Introduced Foreign Peanut Varieties

对国外205份花生种质资源的植物学特性、抗性等进行了较为全面的观察鉴定,并对其主要农艺性状进行了相关和聚类分析。结果表明:国外花生种质资源较为丰富,有性状优良的种质,也有高抗的材料,这些优异种质可供今后开展花生高产、优质、抗病育种利用;在选出的4个主成分因子中,总有效枝数的累积贡献率为45.58%,将205份国外花生种质资源归为5类,绝大多数种质资源的遗传差异较小,类间遗传差异大于类内遗传差异。

The botanic characteristics and resistance of 205 foreign peanut germplasm resources were observed and identified,and their main agronomic traits were analyzed by correlation and cluster analysis.The results revealed that there was a wide spectrum of variation in the studied characters of foreign peanut germplasm resources,some resources possessed desirable agronomic characters,and several resources were highly resistant to leaf spot and bacterial wilt.These materials could provide elite genetic resources for the development of peanut varieties with high productivity,quality and disease resistance.Among the selected 4 principal components,the cumulative contribution rate of the efficient ramifications per plant to yield was 45.58%.Two hundred and five foreign peanut varieties could be classified into five groups according to their genetic distance,there were near genetic distance and narrow genetic basis in most varieties and the genetic distance among groups was larger than that within groups.