鸡大肝和大脾病免疫器官的病理学动态研究

The Pathological dynamic studies on immune organs of broiler breeders with big liver and spleen disease

用人工接种方法观察了鸡大肝和大脾（ＢＬＳ）病鸡免疫器官的大体和组织病理学的动态变化。大体变化除脾肿胀外，盲肠扁桃体、胸腺和腔上囊也发生肿胀、出血。组织病理学的主要特点是脾、盲肠扁桃体、胸腺、腔上囊和哈德尔氏腺除发生变性和坏死外，早期浆细胞和淋巴细胞增生，中、后期则出现巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞和网状细胞等。结果表明，ＢＬＳ病的早期以体液免疫为主，后期的细胞免疫和体液免疫均增强，这两种免疫在此病的发生和发展过程中均起重要作用。

The gross and histo pathological lesions ofimmurne organs from experimental big liver and spleen disease infected broilerbreeders were observed. The gross changes included swellins and hemorraghage of tonsillia cecalia, burse of Fabricius and thrymus in addition to swallen spleen.The main features of the histo pathological lesions were degeneration and necrosis of spleen, tonsilla cecalia, thymus, bursa of Fabricicus and Harderian gland followed by proliforation of plasmacytes and lymphocytes at the early stage and by appearence of macrophages and lymphocytes and reticular cells at the middle and late stage. The results revealed that the humoral immunity was major reaction at the early stage of BLS, and the cell mediated immunity strengthened at the middle aned late stages, which suggested that the cell mediated and humoral immunities all played an important role in onset and development of BLS.