民国时期兰州灾荒探析

On Famine in Lanzhou in the Period of the Republic of China

民国时期,兰州自然灾害频发,灾荒严重,几乎无年不灾,给社会带来非常严重的危害。其特点主要有:普遍性和多样性,高度频发性和突发性,群发性和伴生性,损失的严重性。成因有:地理条件,战争不断,环境恶化,政府职能缺失。面对严重的灾荒,当时的政府救灾力度不大,而民间的救济则发挥了一定的作用。

During the period of the Republic of China,serious natural disasters frequently happened in Lanzhou.They brought extremely serious harm to the society.The main characteristics of them were： universality and diversity,frequency and suddenness,group-occur and concomitants,and the seriousness of loss etc.The geographical conditions,continuous wars,environmental deterioration,and the lack of governmental functions are the main reasons for this.Facing the serious famine,the government,which should be the main body of disaster relief,took little action at that time.Instead,the civil force played an important role.