粮饲兼用型玉米优良杂交种产量性状的遗传力和相关分析

GENETIC ABILITY AND CORRELATION ANALYSIS ON YIELD CHARACTER OF HYBRID BREEDING OF MAIZE

以玉米优良杂交种(196×吉63)的F2:3家系为材料,通过一年二点的田间试验,研究其产量性状的遗传力、杂种优势和相关系,其目的是为玉米产量杂种优势的利用水平提供有益信息。研究结果表明,在与产量相关的7个农艺性状中,广义遗传力较高的性状为穗行数和百粒重。在F1和F2:3家系中,杂种优势较强的性状是穗位高和株高以及穗长,较弱的是叶片数。杂种优势和遗传力相关不显著,但与性状的变异系数呈显著相关。主成分分析表明,影响产量的性状依次为穗长、株高和穗位高。

In order to analyses genetic characteristics of yield,the F2：3 families from the hybrid breeding of maize（196×Ji63） were constructed and a two-location field experiment was conducted.And some useful information was provided on the utilization of the heterosis of maize yield.The results showed that among seven yield traits,kernel row number,the hundred-grain weight had higher broad-sense heritability.Ear location height,plant height and ear length performed significant heterosis in F1 generation,but that of bald tip length was very weak in F2：3 families.Then heterosis was not significantly correlated with their heredity,but significantly correlated with Coefficient of Variation（CV）.Principle component analysis indicated that the traits influencing single plant yield were ear length,plant height and ear location height orderly.