精神康复者入住中途宿舍效果评价

Evaluations of cliniical effects of convalescent mental patients staying in half-way house

目的评价精神康复者人住中途宿舍的临床效果。方法将入住中途宿舍的16名精神康复者设为研究组，抽取同期在封闭式病房长期住院的精神分裂症患者15例设为对照组。于患者入组时及入组1a末，采用简明精神病量表、生活技能评估量表评定两组患者的康复状况。结果入组1a末研究组简明精神病量表总分及各因子分均较人组时有显著下降（P〈0．05或0．01），生活技能评估量表评分均较人组时显著升高（P〈0．01）；对照组简明精神病量表除总分有显著下降外（P〈0．01），各因子评分均无显著变化（P〉0．05），而生活技能评估量表评分则较入组时均有显著下降。入组1a末研究组简明精神病量表评分均显著低于对照组（P〈0．01），而生活技能评估量表评分均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。研究组成功离舍率为23．0％，对照组则为0。结论中途宿舍模式更有利于精神病患者的功能康复，尤其适用于慢性精神分裂症患者，值得在社区大力推行。

Objective To assess the cliniical effects of convalescent mental patients staying in half-way house. Methods Sixteen convalescent mental patients staying in half-way house were assigned to research group and 15 schizophrenics hospitalized in blocking wards long to control group. At entry and at the end of 1 year after entry, rehabilitation conditions were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS） and Life Skills Assessment Scale（LSAS）. Results At the end of 1 year after entry,the total and each factor scores of the BPRS in the research group lowered more significantly（P〈0.05 or 0.01） and the scores of the LSAS advanced more significantly（P〈 0.01） compared with those at entry; in the control group, the total scores lowered more significantly（P〈0.01）, all factors＇ scores had no significant changes （P〉0.05） and the scores of the LSAS lowered more significantly. At the end of 1 year after entry, scores of the BPRS were significantly lower（P〈0.01） and those of the LSAS significantly higher（P〈0.01） in the research than in the control group. Successful departure rate was respectively 23.0 percent in the research and 0 in the control group. Conclusion Half-way house model is conducive to functional rehabilita- tion of mental patients, especially applies to chronic schizophrenics and deserves energetic generalization in community.