大同盆地碱化盐土水盐动态及主要改良措施

Water and Salt Dynamic of Alkalize Solonchaks and Its Improving Measures in Basin of Datong

分析了大同盆地碱化盐土水盐动态规律，从施用石膏改良剂、施用农家肥和磷肥以及不同作物轮作三个方面进行了改良碱土效果的研究。结果表明，一般碱化度在７７．５％～９１．３％的盐碱地，施用１５０００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２磷石膏，可起到很好的改良碱化效果。增施有机肥和磷肥可使土壤含盐量和ｐＨ值显著降低。耐盐性强的作物与灌水多的作物进行轮作，对土壤含盐量在０．３％左右的盐碱地具有很好的改良效果。

The study was conducted to analyse water and salt dynamic of alkalize solonchak and to define alkalize soil improving results of applying gypsum improving agent, farmyard manure and phosphorus fertilizer and rotation of different crops. The results indicated that good soil improvement result was obtained when phosphorus gypsum at dose of 15 000kg/hm 2 was applied to saline_alkalized soil with 77.5% to 91.3% of alkalize degree. Applying organic and phosphorus fertilizer could make salt content and pH value of the soil drop significantly. Rotation between crops with strong tolerance to salt and crops needing more water irrigation also showed good improving result for saline_alkalized soil which contained about 0.3% salt.