部分胃肠外营养在早产儿、低体重儿的应用和护理

The application and nursing of partial parenteral nutrition on premature and low-birth-weight infants

目的:观察部分胃肠外营养(PPN)对早产儿,特别是低出生体重儿的应用,探讨严格的护理措施对治疗的辅助意义。方法:选择本院2007年1月～2008年12月应用PPN辅助治疗早产儿48例,测量PPN输注前后的体重、血浆总蛋白、白蛋白、血糖、淋巴细胞总数、血尿素氮等的变化,严密观察应用PPN的并发症,并与2005年1月～2006年12月未应用PPN的早产儿、低出生体重儿42例疗效对比。结果:静脉营养支持组治愈40例,好转5例,死亡2例,自动出院1例;治疗后,患儿血浆总蛋白、白蛋白、血糖、淋巴细胞总数明显增加,血尿素氮明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),无明显并发症发生。静脉营养支持组患儿救治成功率明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:合理应用胃肠外营养,密切监测各项指标,早期发现并发症,及时处理,可提高早产儿、低出生体重儿的存活率,严格的护理操作有助于治疗的顺利进行。

Objective：To observe the application of partial parenteral nutrition（PPN）on the premature and low-birth-weight children to explore the stringent measures on the treatment of nursing auxiliary meaning.Methods：48 cases of premature children with PPN treatment from January 2007 to December 2008 were chose,measuring body weight before and after PN infusion,plasma total protein,albumin,blood glucose,total lymphocyte count,blood urea nitrogen and other changes,closely observe the complications of PPN.To compare the effect with the January 2005 to December 2006 the outstanding application of PPN premature children,low birth weight children 42 patients.Results：The results of intravenous nutritional support were cured and 40 cases,improved in 5 cases,2 deaths,automatically discharged 1 case;treatment,children with plasma total protein,albumin,blood glucose,the total number of lymphocytes significantly increased,blood urea nitrogen decreased significantly（P0.01 or P0.05）,there was no significant complications occurred.Parenteral nutrition support group was significantly higher in children with treatment success rate（P0.01）.Conclusion：Rational use of parenteral nutrition and close monitoring of indicators for early detection of complications,timely treatment,can improve premature children,the survival rate of low birth weight children,the strict care operations will help the treatment carried out smoothly.