十七至十九世纪初英国灾害文学与灾难信仰探析

On Disaster Faith in British Literature between the 17th and 19th Century

自然灾害给人类带来的不仅仅是物质财产的损失,同时还冲击和改变着人们的精神世界。在大灾面前人们要么更加坚定自己的信仰,要么失去或转向其他信仰,整个过程对政治、经济、文化和社会的影响甚大。十七世纪至十九世纪初既是英国完成宗教改革、合并形成联合王国、完成工业革命的阶段,同时也是中国清朝康、雍、乾三朝鼎盛的时期。分析此间英国文学作品中的灾难描述,研究灾难信仰的形成和特征,对比较研究两国之间的灾难信仰差异有一定的现实意义。

Natural disaster brings not only material loss,but also impact on human spirits.People either strengthen their faith or lose and convert to other ones when facing such catastrophes.This whole process has great influence on politics,economics,culture and society.Between the 17th and 19th century,Britain finished religion reform,constructed United Kingdom and completed Industrial Revolution.At the same time,China also witnessed prosperous Kangxi,Yongzheng and Qianlong reigns of Qing Dynasty.Analysis of concurrent disaster description in British literature contributes significantly to the study of formation and traits of disaster faith and provides ample material for comparison study.