抗灾体适能的影响因素及培养方法

Influencing Factors and Training Methods of Disaster Fitness

本文以参与多次灾害救援的国家紧急救援队队员及专家为调查对象,通过问卷方式调查在灾害发生时及灾害发生后,影响抗灾体适能的主要影响因素。统计结果表明:影响抗灾体适能变化的主要因素有人们对灾害的认知水平,灾害发生时及发生后人们的心理适应能力、生理适应能力、体能水平及行动能力。在此基础上,提出了有效培养、提高抗灾体适能的方法与手段。即:减灾教育内容要将学生"该知道的"与"想知道的"相结合,通过演练演习等方式提高学生的防灾应急实际技能。

The authors surveyed CISAR members and experts,and through questionnaires,found out the major influencing factors of fitness after disasters.The results showed： the major influencing factors include cognitive level,and people＇s psychological adaptability,physiological adaptive capacity,fitness levels and action.Based on this,effective measures were put forward,i.e.combining students’ ＂should know＂ and ＂want to know＂ and improve the students’ practical emergency response abilities through drills.