亚低温条件下水分对温室番茄生理生化指标及产量的影响

Influence of sub-low temperatures on the physiological,biochemical and yield indice of tomato in different irrigation amounts in greenhouse

【目的】探索亚低温条件下温室水分优化管理的技术指标,为实现番茄优质高产提供理论依据。【方法】以番茄品种＂金棚1号＂为材料,采用温室盆栽方法,以常温（18~35℃）环境为对照,研究亚低温（8~25℃）条件下,分别灌溉80%蒸腾蒸发量（ET）和100%蒸腾蒸发量的水分,对温室番茄生理生化指标、产量及水分利用率的影响。【结果】与常温环境相比,分别在2种灌溉条件下,亚低温均使番茄植株CAT和POD活性、叶绿素含量、叶片相对含水量、可溶性蛋白质含量显著降低,而番茄叶片细胞膜相对透性、SOD活性则升高;不论在亚低温还是常温条件下,水分胁迫均抑制了番茄植株的生长发育和产量形成,且水分利用效率降低。【结论】番茄在温室冬季亚低温栽培条件下,灌水量为100%ET有利于植株生长,植株抗寒性、产量和水分利用效率均较高。

【Objective】 Under the sub-low temperature,the greenhouse moisture content optimal management technique index was explored to ensure the high quality and high yield of tomato,which can provide a theoretical basis in this field.【Method】 With potted tomato plants in greenhouse as the experiment material,and with the plant under normal temperature（18-35 ℃） as control treatment,the influences of 80% and 100% of ET of irrigation amount on the physiological,biochemical indices,yield and water use efficiency of tomato under sub-low temperature（8-25 ℃）in greenhouse were investigated.【Result】 Compared with normoral condition,and under the two conditions respectively,the activities of catalase and peroxidase,chlorophyll content,relative content and soluble protein content in tomato leaves were reduced;but the relative permeability of cell membrane and superoxide dismutase were increased;plant growth,yield and water use efficiency of tomato were restrained by water stress in both sub-low and normal conditon.【Conclusion】 It is proved that 100% of ET of irrigation amount under sub-low temperature（8-25 ℃）was favorable to plant growth in winter tomato cultivation in greenhouse.At the same time,the plant may have higher cold resistance,yield and water use efficiency.